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  • Volume 73, Issue 1

Activated carbons from waste of oil-palm kernel shells, sawdust and tannery leather scraps and application to chromium(VI), phenol, and methylene blue dye adsorption

Sergio Montoya-Suarez, Fredy Colpas-Castillo, Edgardo Meza-Fuentes, Johana Rodríguez-Ruiz, Roberto Fernandez-Maestre
Published January 2016, 73 (1) 21-27; DOI: 10.2166/wst.2015.293
Sergio Montoya-Suarez
Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Cartagena, Campus de San Pablo, Zaragocilla, Cartagena, Colombia E-mail: rfernandezm@unicartagena.edu.co
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Fredy Colpas-Castillo
Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Cartagena, Campus de San Pablo, Zaragocilla, Cartagena, Colombia E-mail: rfernandezm@unicartagena.edu.co
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Edgardo Meza-Fuentes
Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Cartagena, Campus de San Pablo, Zaragocilla, Cartagena, Colombia E-mail: rfernandezm@unicartagena.edu.co
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Johana Rodríguez-Ruiz
Centro para la Industria Petroquímica, SENA, Avenida Pedro de Heredia Sector Tesca, Cartagena, Colombia
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Roberto Fernandez-Maestre
Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Cartagena, Campus de San Pablo, Zaragocilla, Cartagena, Colombia E-mail: rfernandezm@unicartagena.edu.co
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Abstract

Phenol, chromium, and dyes are continuously dumped into water bodies; the adsorption of these contaminants on activated carbon is a low-cost alternative for water remediation. We synthesized activated carbons from industrial waste of palm oil seed husks (kernel shells), sawdust, and tannery leather scraps. These materials were heated for 24 h at 600, 700 or 800°C, activated at 900°C with CO2 and characterized by proximate analysis and measurement of specific surface area (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and Langmuir), and microporosity (t-plot). Isotherms showed micropores and mesopores in activated carbons. Palm seed activated carbon showed the highest fixed carbon content (96%), and Langmuir specific surface areas up to 1,268 m2/g, higher than those from sawdust (581 m2/g) and leather scraps (400 m2/g). The carbons were applied to adsorption of Cr(VI), phenol, and methylene blue dye from aqueous solutions. Phenol adsorption on activated carbons was 78–82 mg/g; on palm seed activated carbons, Cr(VI) adsorption at pH 7 was 0.35–0.37 mg/g, and methylene blue adsorption was 40–110 mg/g, higher than those from sawdust and leather scraps. Activated carbons from palm seed are promising materials to remove contaminants from the environment and represent an alternative application for vegetal wastes instead of dumping into landfills.

  • activated carbon
  • chromium
  • methylene blue
  • palm kernel shells
  • phenol
  • sawdust
  • First received 26 January 2015.
  • Accepted in revised form 22 May 2015.
  • © IWA Publishing 2016
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Water Science and Technology: 77 (6)
  Volume 73, Issue 1

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Activated carbons from waste of oil-palm kernel shells, sawdust and tannery leather scraps and application to chromium(VI), phenol, and methylene blue dye adsorption
Sergio Montoya-Suarez, Fredy Colpas-Castillo, Edgardo Meza-Fuentes, Johana Rodríguez-Ruiz, Roberto Fernandez-Maestre
Water Science and Technology Jan 2016, 73 (1) 21-27; DOI: 10.2166/wst.2015.293
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Activated carbons from waste of oil-palm kernel shells, sawdust and tannery leather scraps and application to chromium(VI), phenol, and methylene blue dye adsorption
Sergio Montoya-Suarez, Fredy Colpas-Castillo, Edgardo Meza-Fuentes, Johana Rodríguez-Ruiz, Roberto Fernandez-Maestre
Water Science and Technology Jan 2016, 73 (1) 21-27; DOI: 10.2166/wst.2015.293

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Keywords

activated carbon
chromium
methylene blue
palm kernel shells
phenol
sawdust
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